This report presents the findings of a study commissioned by FAO, IGAD CEWARN, IGADCBDFU and Interpeace, undertaken between November 2021 and April 2022, and aimed at analysing resource-based in the Karamoja Cluster. The report provides a conflict analysis of the border area spanning across Ethiopia, Kenya, South Sudan, and Uganda, and identifies key drivers of violence – including competition over access to pasture, water, cattle rustling. These drivers are also exacerbated by climate change, unemployment, land tenure, among other factors, which have serious consequences on livelihoods, food security and climate change adaptation. Finally, the report provides suggestions on how to support cross-border conflict management and peacebuilding in a conflict sensitive manner.